Background

Understanding the significance of epidemiological studies is crucial in a country like Iraq and the Kurdistan Region, where data collection in the health sector remains partial. This interview aims to shed light on the importance of public health concepts in these regions, considering their influence on living standards and ethical frameworks both within and beyond the health sector. It seeks to explore the key points of epidemiological studies and their role in promoting public health and well-being, particularly in the context of challenges faced by epidemiologists. Through discussion with a public health expert and seeking other studies, this writing will delve into the obstacles encountered in strengthening the public health system and policies, the role of nonprofit organizations (NGOs) in addressing public health challenges, and the significance of public health and environmental awareness in reducing health disparities and promoting sustainable development. By identifying challenges and offering recommendations, this writing aims to contribute to efforts aimed at enhancing epidemiological conditions and public health outcomes in Iraq and the Kurdistan Region.